Firebase CLI 命令行工具完整指南：部署、模拟、管理项目与CI/CD自动化

firebase-cli by supercent-io/skills-template

325 周安装量

88 GitHub Stars

GitHub

安装命令

npx skills add https://github.com/supercent-io/skills-template --skill firebase-cli

云服务开发运维命令行工具

🇨🇳中文介绍

firebase-cli — Firebase 命令行界面

关键词 : firebase · firebase deploy · firebase init · firebase emulators

Firebase CLI (firebase-tools) 允许您从终端管理您的 Firebase 项目：部署、模拟、导入/导出数据、管理用户、配置服务以及自动化 CI/CD。

何时使用此技能

部署 Firebase Hosting、Cloud Functions、Firestore 规则/索引、Realtime Database 规则、Cloud Storage 规则、Remote Config 或 Extensions
使用 firebase init 设置新的 Firebase 项目
在本地运行 Firebase Emulator Suite 进行开发和测试
管理 Hosting 的预览/暂存通道
批量导入或导出 Firebase Authentication 用户
通过 App Distribution 向测试人员分发应用构建版本
管理 Firebase Extensions（安装、配置、更新、卸载）
通过 Firebase App Hosting 部署 Next.js / Angular 应用

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仅部署 Hosting 和 Functions

firebase deploy --only hosting,functions

运行所有模拟器并保持数据持久化

firebase emulators:start --import ./emulator-data --export-on-exit

创建预览通道并部署

firebase hosting:channel:create staging --expires 7d
firebase hosting:channel:deploy staging

从 JSON 导入用户

firebase auth:import users.json --hash-algo=BCRYPT

向测试人员分发 Android 构建版本

firebase appdistribution:distribute app-release.apk \
  --app "1:1234567890:android:abcd1234" \
  --release-notes "Sprint 42 build" \
  --groups "qa-team"

# 安装
npm install -g firebase-tools

# 身份验证
firebase login

# 初始化项目（交互式）
firebase init

# 部署
firebase deploy

# 运行模拟器
firebase emulators:start

npm（推荐 — 所有平台）

npm install -g firebase-tools
firebase --version

独立二进制文件（macOS/Linux — 无需 Node.js）

curl -sL firebase.tools | bash

CI/CD — 服务账号身份验证（推荐）

# 设置指向服务账号 JSON 密钥的环境变量
export GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS="/path/to/service-account-key.json"
firebase deploy --non-interactive

通过技能脚本安装

bash scripts/install.sh

firebase login                          # OAuth 浏览器登录
firebase login --no-localhost           # 复制粘贴代码流程
firebase login:ci                       # 生成 CI 令牌（已弃用 — 使用服务账号）
firebase login:list                     # 列出所有已授权的账号
firebase login:use user@example.com     # 设置默认账号
firebase logout                         # 退出登录

firebase init                    # 在当前目录设置 Firebase 功能
firebase use <project_id>        # 设置活动项目
firebase use --add               # 添加项目别名
firebase projects:list           # 列出所有 Firebase 项目
firebase open hosting:site       # 在浏览器中打开 Firebase 控制台

# 部署所有内容
firebase deploy

# 部署特定目标
firebase deploy --only hosting
firebase deploy --only functions
firebase deploy --only firestore
firebase deploy --only hosting,functions

# 部署子目标
firebase deploy --only functions:myFunction
firebase deploy --only hosting:my-site
firebase deploy --only firestore:rules
firebase deploy --only firestore:indexes

# 排除目标
firebase deploy --except functions

# 附带消息
firebase deploy --message "v2.3.1 release"

Firebase Emulator Suite

# 启动所有已配置的模拟器
firebase emulators:start

# 启动特定模拟器
firebase emulators:start --only auth,firestore,functions

# 附带数据导入/导出
firebase emulators:start --import ./emulator-data --export-on-exit

# 针对模拟器运行测试然后关闭
firebase emulators:exec "npm test" --only firestore,auth

# 启用 Functions 调试器（Node.js 检查器，端口 9229）
firebase emulators:start --inspect-functions

本地开发服务器

firebase serve                        # Hosting + HTTPS Functions
firebase serve --only hosting
firebase serve --port 5000

# 预览通道
firebase hosting:channel:create staging --expires 7d
firebase hosting:channel:deploy staging
firebase hosting:channel:list
firebase hosting:channel:open staging
firebase hosting:channel:delete staging --force
firebase hosting:clone my-app:live my-app-staging:staging

# 多站点管理
firebase hosting:sites:list
firebase hosting:sites:create new-site-id
firebase hosting:disable --site my-old-site

Cloud Functions 命令

firebase functions:list                           # 列出已部署的函数
firebase functions:log                            # 查看日志
firebase functions:log --only myFunction          # 按函数名过滤
firebase functions:delete myFunction              # 删除函数
firebase functions:shell                          # 本地交互式 shell

# 密钥（第二代 — 替代 functions:config）
firebase functions:secrets:set MY_SECRET
firebase functions:secrets:get MY_SECRET
firebase functions:secrets:prune

# 配置（仅限第一代）
firebase functions:config:set api.key="VALUE"
firebase functions:config:get

firebase firestore:delete /collection/doc --recursive
firebase firestore:indexes
firebase firestore:rules:get

Realtime Database 命令

firebase database:get /path --pretty
firebase database:set /path data.json
firebase database:push /messages --data '{"text":"Hello"}'
firebase database:update /users/uid --data '{"name":"New Name"}'
firebase database:remove /path --confirm
firebase database:profile --duration 30

Auth 导入 / 导出

# 导出所有用户
firebase auth:export users.json

# 导入用户（BCRYPT 哈希）
firebase auth:import users.json --hash-algo=BCRYPT

# 导入用户（SCRYPT 哈希 — Firebase 默认）
firebase auth:import users.json \
  --hash-algo=SCRYPT \
  --hash-key=<base64-key> \
  --salt-separator=<base64-separator> \
  --rounds=8 \
  --mem-cost=8

firebase remoteconfig:get
firebase remoteconfig:get --output config.json
firebase remoteconfig:versions:list --limit 20
firebase remoteconfig:rollback --version-number 5

# 分发 Android APK
firebase appdistribution:distribute app.apk \
  --app APP_ID \
  --release-notes "Bug fixes and improvements" \
  --testers "qa@example.com" \
  --groups "qa-team,beta-users"

# 管理测试人员
firebase appdistribution:testers:add alice@example.com --group-alias qa-team
firebase appdistribution:testers:remove alice@example.com
firebase appdistribution:groups:list

firebase ext:list
firebase ext:info firebase/delete-user-data
firebase ext:install firebase/delete-user-data
firebase ext:configure delete-user-data
firebase ext:update delete-user-data
firebase ext:uninstall delete-user-data
firebase ext:export

App Hosting (Next.js / Angular)

firebase init apphosting
firebase apphosting:backends:create --location us-central1
firebase apphosting:backends:list
firebase deploy --only apphosting
firebase apphosting:rollouts:create BACKEND_ID --git-branch main

部署目标（多站点 / 多实例）

# 将目标名称应用于资源
firebase target:apply hosting prod-site my-app-prod
firebase target:apply storage prod-bucket my-app-bucket
firebase target:apply database default my-app-db

# 在部署中使用目标
firebase deploy --only hosting:prod-site

# 清除目标
firebase target:clear hosting prod-site

在 CI/CD 中使用服务账号 : 设置 GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS 替代 --token（已弃用）。
在部署中使用 --only: 切勿在生产环境中盲目部署所有内容 — 始终使用 --only 限定范围。
使用模拟器进行开发 : 部署前始终在本地运行 emulators:start；使用 --import/--export-on-exit 保持数据持久化。
生产前使用预览通道 : 在 firebase deploy --only hosting 之前，使用 hosting:channel:deploy 进行暂存评审。
使用密钥而非 functions:config : 对于 Cloud Functions 第二代，使用 functions:secrets:set (Secret Manager) 替代已弃用的 functions:config:set。
在脚本中使用 --non-interactive: 在自动化脚本中始终添加 --non-interactive 以避免在提示处挂起。
将 .firebaserc 纳入版本控制: 提交 .firebaserc（项目别名），但将密钥和服务账号密钥添加到 .gitignore。
使用 --debug 进行故障排除: 对任何失败的命令使用 --debug 运行以获取详细输出。

问题	解决方案
`command not found: firebase`	运行 `npm install -g firebase-tools`；检查 `npm bin -g` 是否在 `PATH` 中
CI 中的身份验证错误	将 `GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS` 设置为服务账号 JSON 文件路径
`FIREBASE_TOKEN` 警告	从基于令牌的身份验证迁移到服务账号
部署失败并出现权限错误	验证服务账号是否具有所需的 IAM 角色（Firebase Admin、Cloud Functions Admin 等）
模拟器无法启动	检查端口 4000/5000/5001/8080/9000/9099/9199 是否可用；运行 `lsof -i :<port>`
Functions 部署超时	使用 `--only functions:specificFunction` 一次部署一个
Hosting 部署未反映更改	检查 `firebase.json` 中的 `public` 目录和 `ignore` 模式
`ext:install` 失败	检查扩展 ID 格式：`publisher/extension-id`；尝试 `--debug`
Database 权限被拒绝	验证数据库规则以及 CLI 身份验证账号是否有访问权限

Firebase CLI 参考 — 官方完整命令参考
完整命令参考 — 所有命令的完整选项和标志
安装脚本 — install.sh（设置） · deploy.sh（部署助手） · emulators.sh（模拟器管理）
firebase-tools GitHub — 源代码和更新日志
Firebase CLI 发布说明 — 版本历史
Auth 导入/导出参考 — 哈希算法详情
Hosting 预览通道 — 暂存工作流
Emulator Suite 配置 — 模拟器设置

🇺🇸English

firebase-cli — Firebase Command Line Interface

Keyword : firebase · firebase deploy · firebase init · firebase emulators

The Firebase CLI (firebase-tools) manages your Firebase project from the terminal: deploy, emulate, import/export data, manage users, configure services, and automate CI/CD.

When to use this skill

Deploy Firebase Hosting, Cloud Functions, Firestore rules/indexes, Realtime Database rules, Cloud Storage rules, Remote Config, or Extensions
Set up a new Firebase project with firebase init
Run the Firebase Emulator Suite locally for development and testing
Manage preview/staging channels for Hosting
Import or export Firebase Authentication users in bulk
Distribute app builds to testers via App Distribution
Manage Firebase Extensions (install, configure, update, uninstall)
Deploy Next.js / Angular apps via Firebase App Hosting
Use Firebase CLI in CI/CD pipelines with service account credentials

Instructions

Install the Firebase CLI: npm install -g firebase-tools
Authenticate: firebase login (browser OAuth) or GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS for CI
Initialize project: firebase init (creates firebase.json and .firebaserc)
Deploy: firebase deploy or firebase deploy --only hosting,functions
Run emulators: firebase emulators:start
For detailed command reference, see references/commands.md

CI/CD : Use GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS=/path/to/service-account.json firebase deploy instead of the deprecated --token / FIREBASE_TOKEN method.

Examples

Deploy everything

firebase deploy

Deploy only Hosting and Functions

firebase deploy --only hosting,functions

Run all emulators with data persistence

firebase emulators:start --import ./emulator-data --export-on-exit

Create a preview channel and deploy

firebase hosting:channel:create staging --expires 7d
firebase hosting:channel:deploy staging

Import users from JSON

firebase auth:import users.json --hash-algo=BCRYPT

Distribute Android build to testers

firebase appdistribution:distribute app-release.apk \
  --app "1:1234567890:android:abcd1234" \
  --release-notes "Sprint 42 build" \
  --groups "qa-team"

Quick Start

# Install
npm install -g firebase-tools

# Authenticate
firebase login

# Initialize project (interactive)
firebase init

# Deploy
firebase deploy

# Run emulators
firebase emulators:start

Installation

npm (recommended — all platforms)

npm install -g firebase-tools
firebase --version

Standalone binary (macOS/Linux — no Node.js required)

curl -sL firebase.tools | bash

CI/CD — service account authentication (recommended)

# Set environment variable pointing to service account JSON key
export GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS="/path/to/service-account-key.json"
firebase deploy --non-interactive

Via skill script

bash scripts/install.sh

Core Usage

Authentication

firebase login                          # OAuth browser login
firebase login --no-localhost           # Copy-paste code flow
firebase login:ci                       # Generate CI token (deprecated — use service account)
firebase login:list                     # List all authorized accounts
firebase login:use user@example.com     # Set default account
firebase logout                         # Sign out

Project Management

firebase init                    # Set up Firebase features in current directory
firebase use <project_id>        # Set active project
firebase use --add               # Add a project alias
firebase projects:list           # List all Firebase projects
firebase open hosting:site       # Open Firebase console in browser

Deployment

# Deploy everything
firebase deploy

# Deploy specific targets
firebase deploy --only hosting
firebase deploy --only functions
firebase deploy --only firestore
firebase deploy --only hosting,functions

# Deploy sub-targets
firebase deploy --only functions:myFunction
firebase deploy --only hosting:my-site
firebase deploy --only firestore:rules
firebase deploy --only firestore:indexes

# Exclude targets
firebase deploy --except functions

# With message
firebase deploy --message "v2.3.1 release"

Firebase Emulator Suite

# Start all configured emulators
firebase emulators:start

# Start specific emulators
firebase emulators:start --only auth,firestore,functions

# With data import/export
firebase emulators:start --import ./emulator-data --export-on-exit

# Run tests against emulators then shut down
firebase emulators:exec "npm test" --only firestore,auth

# Enable Functions debugger (Node.js inspector on port 9229)
firebase emulators:start --inspect-functions

Local Development Server

firebase serve                        # Hosting + HTTPS Functions
firebase serve --only hosting
firebase serve --port 5000

Hosting Commands

# Preview channels
firebase hosting:channel:create staging --expires 7d
firebase hosting:channel:deploy staging
firebase hosting:channel:list
firebase hosting:channel:open staging
firebase hosting:channel:delete staging --force
firebase hosting:clone my-app:live my-app-staging:staging

# Multi-site management
firebase hosting:sites:list
firebase hosting:sites:create new-site-id
firebase hosting:disable --site my-old-site

Cloud Functions Commands

firebase functions:list                           # List deployed functions
firebase functions:log                            # View logs
firebase functions:log --only myFunction          # Filter by function name
firebase functions:delete myFunction              # Delete a function
firebase functions:shell                          # Local interactive shell

# Secrets (2nd gen — replaces functions:config)
firebase functions:secrets:set MY_SECRET
firebase functions:secrets:get MY_SECRET
firebase functions:secrets:prune

# Config (1st gen only)
firebase functions:config:set api.key="VALUE"
firebase functions:config:get

Firestore Commands

firebase firestore:delete /collection/doc --recursive
firebase firestore:indexes
firebase firestore:rules:get

Realtime Database Commands

firebase database:get /path --pretty
firebase database:set /path data.json
firebase database:push /messages --data '{"text":"Hello"}'
firebase database:update /users/uid --data '{"name":"New Name"}'
firebase database:remove /path --confirm
firebase database:profile --duration 30

Auth Import / Export

# Export all users
firebase auth:export users.json

# Import users (BCRYPT hashes)
firebase auth:import users.json --hash-algo=BCRYPT

# Import users (SCRYPT hashes — Firebase default)
firebase auth:import users.json \
  --hash-algo=SCRYPT \
  --hash-key=<base64-key> \
  --salt-separator=<base64-separator> \
  --rounds=8 \
  --mem-cost=8

Remote Config

firebase remoteconfig:get
firebase remoteconfig:get --output config.json
firebase remoteconfig:versions:list --limit 20
firebase remoteconfig:rollback --version-number 5

App Distribution

# Distribute Android APK
firebase appdistribution:distribute app.apk \
  --app APP_ID \
  --release-notes "Bug fixes and improvements" \
  --testers "qa@example.com" \
  --groups "qa-team,beta-users"

# Manage testers
firebase appdistribution:testers:add alice@example.com --group-alias qa-team
firebase appdistribution:testers:remove alice@example.com
firebase appdistribution:groups:list

Extensions

firebase ext:list
firebase ext:info firebase/delete-user-data
firebase ext:install firebase/delete-user-data
firebase ext:configure delete-user-data
firebase ext:update delete-user-data
firebase ext:uninstall delete-user-data
firebase ext:export

App Hosting (Next.js / Angular)

firebase init apphosting
firebase apphosting:backends:create --location us-central1
firebase apphosting:backends:list
firebase deploy --only apphosting
firebase apphosting:rollouts:create BACKEND_ID --git-branch main

Deploy Targets (multi-site / multi-instance)

# Apply target name to a resource
firebase target:apply hosting prod-site my-app-prod
firebase target:apply storage prod-bucket my-app-bucket
firebase target:apply database default my-app-db

# Use target in deploy
firebase deploy --only hosting:prod-site

# Clear targets
firebase target:clear hosting prod-site

Best practices

Use service accounts for CI/CD : Set GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS instead of --token (deprecated).
Use--only in deploy: Never deploy everything blindly in production — always scope with --only.
Emulators for development : Always run emulators:start locally before deploying; use --import/--export-on-exit for persistence.
Preview channels before production : Use hosting:channel:deploy for staging reviews before firebase deploy --only hosting.

Troubleshooting

Issue	Solution
`command not found: firebase`	Run `npm install -g firebase-tools`; check `npm bin -g` is in `PATH`
Authentication error in CI	Set `GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS` to service account JSON path
`FIREBASE_TOKEN` warning	Migrate from token-based auth to service accounts
Deploy fails with permission error	Verify service account has required IAM roles (Firebase Admin, Cloud Functions Admin, etc.)
Emulators not starting

References

Firebase CLI Reference — official full command reference
Full Command Reference — complete options and flags for all commands
Install Scripts — install.sh (setup) · deploy.sh (deployment helper) · emulators.sh (emulator management)
firebase-tools GitHub — source code and changelog
Firebase CLI Release Notes — version history
Auth Import/Export Reference — hash algorithm details
Hosting Preview Channels — staging workflow
Emulator Suite Configuration — emulator setup

Weekly Installs

325

Repository

supercent-io/sk…template

GitHub Stars

First Seen

13 days ago

Security Audits

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Installed on

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github-copilot270

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kimi-cli269

For installation and setup scripts, see scripts/install.sh

Secrets over functions:config : For Cloud Functions 2nd gen, use functions:secrets:set (Secret Manager) instead of deprecated functions:config:set.

--non-interactive in scripts: Always add --non-interactive in automated scripts to avoid hanging on prompts.

.firebaserc in VCS: Commit .firebaserc (project aliases) but add secrets and service account keys to .gitignore.

--debug for troubleshooting: Run any failing command with --debug for verbose output.

Firebase CLI 命令行工具完整指南：部署、模拟、管理项目与CI/CD自动化

🇨🇳中文介绍

firebase-cli — Firebase 命令行界面

何时使用此技能

相关 Skills

使用说明

示例

部署所有内容

仅部署 Hosting 和 Functions

运行所有模拟器并保持数据持久化

创建预览通道并部署

从 JSON 导入用户

向测试人员分发 Android 构建版本

快速开始

安装

npm（推荐 — 所有平台）

独立二进制文件（macOS/Linux — 无需 Node.js）

CI/CD — 服务账号身份验证（推荐）

通过技能脚本安装

核心用法

身份验证

项目管理

部署

Firebase Emulator Suite

本地开发服务器

Hosting 命令

Cloud Functions 命令

Firestore 命令

Realtime Database 命令

Auth 导入 / 导出

Remote Config

App Distribution

Extensions

App Hosting (Next.js / Angular)

部署目标（多站点 / 多实例）

最佳实践

故障排除

参考

🇺🇸English

firebase-cli — Firebase Command Line Interface

When to use this skill

Instructions

Examples

Deploy everything

Deploy only Hosting and Functions

Run all emulators with data persistence

Create a preview channel and deploy

Import users from JSON

Distribute Android build to testers

Quick Start

Installation

npm (recommended — all platforms)

Standalone binary (macOS/Linux — no Node.js required)

CI/CD — service account authentication (recommended)

Via skill script

Core Usage

Authentication

Project Management

Deployment

Firebase Emulator Suite

Local Development Server

Hosting Commands

Cloud Functions Commands

Firestore Commands

Realtime Database Commands

Auth Import / Export

Remote Config

App Distribution

Extensions

App Hosting (Next.js / Angular)

Deploy Targets (multi-site / multi-instance)

Best practices

Troubleshooting

References

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