prioritization-frameworks by phuryn/pm-skills
npx skills add https://github.com/phuryn/pm-skills --skill prioritization-frameworks一份参考指南,帮助您根据具体情况选择并应用合适的优先级排序框架。
绝不让客户设计解决方案。优先处理问题(机会),而不是功能。
推荐用于优先处理客户问题的框架。
针对每个需求,调查客户的重要性和满意度(归一化到 0-1 范围)。
三个相关公式:
高重要性 + 低满意度 = 最高的机会分数 = 最佳机会。在重要性 vs 满意度图表上绘制——左上象限是黄金区域。优先处理客户问题,而非解决方案。
适用于优先处理倡议和想法。不仅考虑价值,还考虑风险和经济因素。
分数 = I × C × E。分数越高,优先级越高。
将 ICE 框架中的“影响”拆分为两个独立的因素。适用于需要更细粒度分析的大型团队。
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分数 = (R × I × C) / E
| 框架 | 最适用于 | 核心要点 |
|---|---|---|
| 艾森豪威尔矩阵 | 个人任务 | 紧急 vs 重要 —— 用于个人产品经理任务管理 |
| 影响 vs 工作量 | 任务/倡议 | 简单的 2×2 矩阵 —— 快速分类,不适合战略决策的严谨分析 |
| 风险 vs 回报 | 倡议 | 类似于影响 vs 工作量,但考虑了不确定性 |
| 机会分数 | 客户问题 | 推荐使用。 重要性 × (1 − 满意度)。归一化到 0-1。 |
| 卡诺模型 | 理解期望 | 基本型、期望型、魅力型、无差异型、反向型。用于理解,而非优先级排序。 |
| 加权决策矩阵 | 多因素决策 | 为各项标准分配权重,为每个选项打分。有助于获得利益相关者支持。 |
| ICE | 想法/倡议 | 影响 × 信心 × 简易性。推荐用于快速优先级排序。 |
| RICE | 规模化想法 | (覆盖范围 × 影响 × 信心) / 工作量。在 ICE 基础上增加了覆盖范围。 |
| MoSCoW | 需求 | 必须有/应该有/可以有/不会有。注意:起源于项目管理。 |
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A reference guide to help you select and apply the right prioritization framework for your context.
Never allow customers to design solutions. Prioritize problems (opportunities) , not features.
The recommended framework for prioritizing customer problems.
Survey customers on Importance and Satisfaction for each need (normalize to 0–1 scale).
Three related formulas:
High Importance + low Satisfaction = highest Opportunity Score = best opportunities. Plot on an Importance vs Satisfaction chart — upper-left quadrant is the sweet spot. Prioritizes customer problems, not solutions.
Useful for prioritizing initiatives and ideas. Considers not only value but also risk and economic factors.
Score = I × C × E. Higher = prioritize first.
Splits ICE's Impact into two separate factors. Useful for larger teams that need more granularity.
Score = (R × I × C) / E
| Framework | Best For | Key Insight |
|---|---|---|
| Eisenhower Matrix | Personal tasks | Urgent vs Important — for individual PM task management |
| Impact vs Effort | Tasks/initiatives | Simple 2×2 — quick triage, not rigorous for strategic decisions |
| Risk vs Reward | Initiatives | Like Impact vs Effort but accounts for uncertainty |
| Opportunity Score | Customer problems | Recommended. Importance × (1 − Satisfaction). Normalize to 0–1. |
| Kano Model | Understanding expectations | Must-be, Performance, Attractive, Indifferent, Reverse. For understanding, not prioritizing. |
| Weighted Decision Matrix | Multi-factor decisions | Assign weights to criteria, score each option. Useful for stakeholder buy-in. |
| ICE | Ideas/initiatives | Impact × Confidence × Ease. Recommended for quick prioritization. |
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| Ideas at scale |
| (Reach × Impact × Confidence) / Effort. Adds Reach to ICE. |
| MoSCoW | Requirements | Must/Should/Could/Won't. Caution: project management origin. |