Redis开发指南：缓存、会话存储、速率限制等核心功能与最佳实践

Developing with Redis by doanchienthangdev/omgkit

3 GitHub Stars

GitHub

安装命令

npx skills add https://github.com/doanchienthangdev/omgkit --skill 'Developing with Redis'

Node.js 数据库性能优化

🇨🇳中文介绍

使用 Redis 进行开发

快速开始

import Redis from 'ioredis';

const redis = new Redis({
  host: process.env.REDIS_HOST || 'localhost',
  port: parseInt(process.env.REDIS_PORT || '6379'),
  maxRetriesPerRequest: 3,
});

// Basic caching
await redis.setex('user:123', 3600, JSON.stringify(userData));
const cached = await redis.get('user:123');

功能特性

功能	描述	指南
缓存	带 TTL 的高速键值存储	使用 `setex` 实现自动过期，`get` 用于检索
会话存储	分布式会话管理	使用用户 ID 索引存储会话以支持多设备
速率限制	使用滑动窗口进行请求节流	使用有序集合或令牌桶算法

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async function checkRateLimit(key: string, limit: number, windowSec: number): Promise<boolean> {
  const now = Date.now();
  const windowStart = now - windowSec * 1000;

  const pipeline = redis.pipeline();
  pipeline.zremrangebyscore(key, '-inf', windowStart);
  pipeline.zadd(key, now, `${now}:${Math.random()}`);
  pipeline.zcard(key);
  pipeline.expire(key, windowSec);

  const results = await pipeline.exec();
  const count = results?.[2]?.[1] as number;
  return count <= limit;
}

async function acquireLock(key: string, ttlMs = 10000): Promise<string | null> {
  const lockId = crypto.randomUUID();
  const acquired = await redis.set(`lock:${key}`, lockId, 'PX', ttlMs, 'NX');
  return acquired === 'OK' ? lockId : null;
}

async function releaseLock(key: string, lockId: string): Promise<boolean> {
  const script = `if redis.call("get",KEYS[1])==ARGV[1] then return redis.call("del",KEYS[1]) else return 0 end`;
  return (await redis.eval(script, 1, `lock:${key}`, lockId)) === 1;
}

应做	避免
为所有缓存键设置 TTL	存储大于 100KB 的对象
使用管道进行批量操作	在生产环境中使用 `KEYS` 命令
实现连接池	忽略内存限制和驱逐策略
使用 Lua 脚本实现原子操作	将 Redis 用作主数据库
为键添加前缀以实现命名空间隔离	在长时间运行的操作上阻塞
使用 `INFO memory` 监控内存	存储未加密的敏感数据
设置 Redis Sentinel 以实现高可用性	跳过连接错误处理

🇺🇸English

Developing with Redis

Quick Start

import Redis from 'ioredis';

const redis = new Redis({
  host: process.env.REDIS_HOST || 'localhost',
  port: parseInt(process.env.REDIS_PORT || '6379'),
  maxRetriesPerRequest: 3,
});

// Basic caching
await redis.setex('user:123', 3600, JSON.stringify(userData));
const cached = await redis.get('user:123');

Features

Feature	Description	Guide
Caching	High-speed key-value storage with TTL	Use `setex` for auto-expiration, `get` for retrieval
Session Storage	Distributed session management	Store sessions with user ID index for multi-device
Rate Limiting	Request throttling with sliding windows	Use sorted sets or token bucket algorithms
Pub/Sub	Real-time messaging between services	Separate subscriber connections from publishers
Streams	Event sourcing and message queues	Consumer groups for reliable message processing
Data Structures	Lists, sets, sorted sets, hashes	Choose structure based on access patterns

Common Patterns

Cache-Aside Pattern

async function getOrSet<T>(key: string, factory: () => Promise<T>, ttl = 3600): Promise<T> {
  const cached = await redis.get(key);
  if (cached) return JSON.parse(cached);

  const value = await factory();
  await redis.setex(key, ttl, JSON.stringify(value));
  return value;
}

Sliding Window Rate Limiter

async function checkRateLimit(key: string, limit: number, windowSec: number): Promise<boolean> {
  const now = Date.now();
  const windowStart = now - windowSec * 1000;

  const pipeline = redis.pipeline();
  pipeline.zremrangebyscore(key, '-inf', windowStart);
  pipeline.zadd(key, now, `${now}:${Math.random()}`);
  pipeline.zcard(key);
  pipeline.expire(key, windowSec);

  const results = await pipeline.exec();
  const count = results?.[2]?.[1] as number;
  return count <= limit;
}

Distributed Lock

async function acquireLock(key: string, ttlMs = 10000): Promise<string | null> {
  const lockId = crypto.randomUUID();
  const acquired = await redis.set(`lock:${key}`, lockId, 'PX', ttlMs, 'NX');
  return acquired === 'OK' ? lockId : null;
}

async function releaseLock(key: string, lockId: string): Promise<boolean> {
  const script = `if redis.call("get",KEYS[1])==ARGV[1] then return redis.call("del",KEYS[1]) else return 0 end`;
  return (await redis.eval(script, 1, `lock:${key}`, lockId)) === 1;
}

Best Practices

Do	Avoid
Set TTL on all cache keys	Storing objects larger than 100KB
Use pipelines for batch operations	Using `KEYS` command in production
Implement connection pooling	Ignoring memory limits and eviction
Use Lua scripts for atomic operations	Using Redis as primary database
Add key prefixes for namespacing	Blocking on long-running operations
Monitor memory with `INFO memory`	Storing sensitive data unencrypted
Set up Redis Sentinel for HA	Skipping connection error handling

Weekly Installs

Repository

doanchienthangdev/omgkit

GitHub Stars

First Seen

Jan 1, 1970

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