Scope - What part of the project is affected?

• Look at recent commits to see what scopes are used
• Use project conventions (like auth, api, ui, db)
• Use singular form (user not users)

Breaking changes? - Does this break existing functionality?

• Removed or renamed APIs
• Changed function signatures
• Changed response formats
• Removed configuration options
• Changed default behaviors

If yes: Use ! marker and include BREAKING CHANGE: footer

Issue references? - Is this linked to any issues?

• Fixes #123 - for bug fixes
• Closes #456 - for any issue type
• Relates to #789 - for references without closing

Write the Commit Message

Header (always)

type(scope): short description

Examples:

• feat(auth): add two-factor authentication
• fix(payment): prevent duplicate charges
• docs(readme): add installation guide

Rules for header:

• Type lowercase
• Scope lowercase
• Description starts lowercase
• Use imperative mood ("add" not "added")
• No period at end
• Keep under 50 characters

Body (if needed)

Add a body when:

• Change is complex and needs explanation
• Multiple related changes
• Breaking change needs migration info

Format:

• Blank line after header
• Explain WHY the change was made
• Keep lines under 72 characters
• Use bullet points for lists

Example:

feat(auth): add JWT token support

Implement JWT tokens for stateless authentication across the API.

- Add JWT generation and validation service
- Update authentication middleware
- Add refresh token endpoint
- Add token expiration handling

Footer (if needed)

Add footer for breaking changes or issue references.

Breaking change example :

feat(api)!: restructure response format

BREAKING CHANGE: User endpoints now return nested structure

Before:
{ "id": 1, "name": "John" }

After:
{ "user": { "id": 1, "name": "John" } }

Migration: Update clients to access response.user

Closes #567

Issue reference example :

fix(payment): prevent duplicate charges

Users could be charged twice when clicking submit multiple times.

- Add idempotency keys to payment requests
- Disable button during processing
- Add concurrency tests

Fixes #834

Execute the Commit

Build the complete message and use heredoc format:

git commit -m "$(cat <<'EOF'
type(scope): description

Body explaining the change if needed.

BREAKING CHANGE: or issue references if needed
Fixes #123
EOF
)"

Important: Use single quotes in <<'EOF' to prevent shell expansion.

Verify Success

After committing, verify:

git log -1 --format=fuller

Check that:

• Message is correct
• No Claude Code signatures present
• Author is correct
• All changes included

Critical Rules

Always do :

• Use imperative mood (add, fix, remove)
• Keep header under 50 characters
• Use heredoc for multi-line messages
• Mark breaking changes with ! and BREAKING CHANGE footer
• Verify after committing

Never do :

• Add Claude Code signatures
• Add "Generated with Claude Code" references
• Add "Co-Authored-By: Claude" lines
• Add tool attribution
• Use past tense in description
• Capitalize description (unless proper noun)

Multiple Changes

If changes contain multiple unrelated things:

• Create separate commits for each logical change
• One commit = one logical unit

Example:

# Commit 1
feat(api): add user endpoint

# Commit 2
chore(deps): upgrade TypeScript

# Commit 3
docs: update API documentation

See Also

Detailed examples and patterns: EXAMPLE.md

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Repository

acbcdev/claude-code

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