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Playwright Best Practices
This skill provides comprehensive guidance for all aspects of Playwright test development, from writing new tests to debugging and maintaining existing test suites.
Activity-Based Reference Guide
Consult these references based on what you're doing:
Writing New Tests
When to use : Creating new test files, writing test cases, implementing test scenarios
| Activity | Reference Files |
|---|
| Writing E2E tests | test-suite-structure.md, locators.md, assertions-waiting.md |
| Writing component tests | component-testing.md, test-suite-structure.md |
| Writing API tests | api-testing.md, test-suite-structure.md |
| Writing GraphQL tests | graphql-testing.md, api-testing.md |
| Writing visual regression tests | visual-regression.md, canvas-webgl.md |
| Structuring test code with POM | page-object-model.md, test-suite-structure.md |
| Setting up test data/fixtures | fixtures-hooks.md, test-data.md |
| Handling authentication | authentication.md, authentication-flows.md |
| Testing date/time features | clock-mocking.md |
| Testing file upload/download | file-operations.md, file-upload-download.md |
| Testing forms/validation | forms-validation.md |
| Testing drag and drop | drag-drop.md |
| Testing accessibility | accessibility.md |
| Testing security (XSS, CSRF) | security-testing.md |
| Using test annotations | annotations.md |
| Using test tags | test-tags.md |
| Testing iframes | iframes.md |
| Testing canvas/WebGL | canvas-webgl.md |
| Internationalization (i18n) | i18n.md |
| Testing Electron apps | electron.md |
| Testing browser extensions | browser-extensions.md |
Mobile & Responsive Testing
When to use : Testing mobile devices, touch interactions, responsive layouts
Real-Time & Browser APIs
When to use : Testing WebSockets, geolocation, permissions, multi-tab flows
Debugging & Troubleshooting
When to use : Test failures, element not found, timeouts, unexpected behavior
Error & Edge Case Testing
When to use : Testing error states, offline mode, network failures, validation
Multi-User & Collaboration Testing
When to use : Testing features involving multiple users, roles, or real-time collaboration
Architecture Decisions
When to use : Choosing test patterns, deciding between approaches, planning test architecture
Framework-Specific Testing
When to use : Testing React, Angular, Vue, or Next.js applications
Refactoring & Maintenance
When to use : Improving existing tests, code review, reducing duplication
Infrastructure & Configuration
When to use : Setting up projects, configuring CI/CD, optimizing performance
Advanced Patterns
When to use : Complex scenarios, API mocking, network interception
Quick Decision Tree
What are you doing?
│
├─ Writing a new test?
│ ├─ E2E test → core/test-suite-structure.md, core/locators.md, core/assertions-waiting.md
│ ├─ Component test → testing-patterns/component-testing.md
│ ├─ API test → testing-patterns/api-testing.md, core/test-suite-structure.md
│ ├─ GraphQL test → testing-patterns/graphql-testing.md
│ ├─ Visual regression → testing-patterns/visual-regression.md
│ ├─ Visual/canvas test → testing-patterns/canvas-webgl.md, core/test-suite-structure.md
│ ├─ Accessibility test → testing-patterns/accessibility.md
│ ├─ Mobile/responsive test → advanced/mobile-testing.md
│ ├─ i18n/locale test → testing-patterns/i18n.md
│ ├─ Electron app test → testing-patterns/electron.md
│ ├─ Browser extension test → testing-patterns/browser-extensions.md
│ ├─ Multi-user test → advanced/multi-user.md
│ ├─ Form validation test → testing-patterns/forms-validation.md
│ └─ Drag and drop test → testing-patterns/drag-drop.md
│
├─ Testing specific features?
│ ├─ File upload/download → testing-patterns/file-operations.md, testing-patterns/file-upload-download.md
│ ├─ Date/time dependent → advanced/clock-mocking.md
│ ├─ WebSocket/real-time → browser-apis/websockets.md
│ ├─ Geolocation/permissions → browser-apis/browser-apis.md
│ ├─ OAuth/SSO mocking → advanced/third-party.md, advanced/multi-context.md
│ ├─ Payments/email/SMS → advanced/third-party.md
│ ├─ iFrames → browser-apis/iframes.md
│ ├─ Canvas/WebGL/charts → testing-patterns/canvas-webgl.md
│ ├─ Service workers/PWA → browser-apis/service-workers.md
│ ├─ i18n/localization → testing-patterns/i18n.md
│ ├─ Security (XSS, CSRF) → testing-patterns/security-testing.md
│ └─ Performance/Web Vitals → testing-patterns/performance-testing.md
│
├─ Architecture decisions?
│ ├─ POM vs fixtures → architecture/pom-vs-fixtures.md
│ ├─ Test type selection → architecture/test-architecture.md
│ ├─ Mock vs real services → architecture/when-to-mock.md
│ └─ Test suite structure → core/test-suite-structure.md
│
├─ Framework-specific testing?
│ ├─ React app → frameworks/react.md
│ ├─ Angular app → frameworks/angular.md
│ ├─ Vue/Nuxt app → frameworks/vue.md
│ └─ Next.js app → frameworks/nextjs.md
│
├─ Authentication testing?
│ ├─ Basic auth patterns → advanced/authentication.md
│ └─ Complex flows (MFA, reset) → advanced/authentication-flows.md
│
├─ Test is failing/flaky?
│ ├─ Flaky test investigation → debugging/flaky-tests.md
│ ├─ Element not found → core/locators.md, debugging/debugging.md
│ ├─ Timeout issues → core/assertions-waiting.md, debugging/debugging.md
│ ├─ Race conditions → debugging/flaky-tests.md, debugging/debugging.md
│ ├─ Flaky only with multiple workers → debugging/flaky-tests.md, infrastructure-ci-cd/performance.md
│ ├─ State leak / isolation → debugging/flaky-tests.md, core/fixtures-hooks.md
│ ├─ Console/JS errors → debugging/console-errors.md, debugging/debugging.md
│ └─ General debugging → debugging/debugging.md
│
├─ Testing error scenarios?
│ ├─ Network failures → debugging/error-testing.md, advanced/network-advanced.md
│ ├─ Offline (unexpected) → debugging/error-testing.md
│ ├─ Offline-first/PWA → browser-apis/service-workers.md
│ ├─ Error boundaries → debugging/error-testing.md
│ └─ Form validation → testing-patterns/forms-validation.md, debugging/error-testing.md
│
├─ Refactoring existing code?
│ ├─ Implementing POM → core/page-object-model.md
│ ├─ Improving selectors → core/locators.md
│ ├─ Extracting fixtures → core/fixtures-hooks.md
│ ├─ Creating data factories → core/test-data.md
│ └─ Configuration setup → core/configuration.md
│
├─ Setting up infrastructure?
│ ├─ CI/CD → infrastructure-ci-cd/ci-cd.md
│ ├─ GitHub Actions → infrastructure-ci-cd/github-actions.md
│ ├─ GitLab CI → infrastructure-ci-cd/gitlab.md
│ ├─ Other CI providers → infrastructure-ci-cd/other-providers.md
│ ├─ Docker/containers → infrastructure-ci-cd/docker.md
│ ├─ Sharding/parallel → infrastructure-ci-cd/parallel-sharding.md
│ ├─ Reporting/artifacts → infrastructure-ci-cd/reporting.md
│ ├─ Global setup/teardown → core/global-setup.md
│ ├─ Project dependencies → core/projects-dependencies.md
│ ├─ Test performance → infrastructure-ci-cd/performance.md
│ ├─ Test coverage → infrastructure-ci-cd/test-coverage.md
│ └─ Project config → core/configuration.md, core/projects-dependencies.md
│
├─ Organizing tests?
│ ├─ Skip/fixme/slow tests → core/annotations.md
│ ├─ Test tags (@smoke, @fast) → core/test-tags.md
│ ├─ Filtering tests (--grep) → core/test-tags.md
│ ├─ Test steps → core/annotations.md
│ └─ Conditional execution → core/annotations.md
│
└─ Running subset of tests?
├─ By tag (@smoke, @critical) → core/test-tags.md
├─ Exclude slow/flaky tests → core/test-tags.md
├─ PR vs nightly tests → core/test-tags.md, infrastructure-ci-cd/ci-cd.md
└─ Project-specific filtering → core/test-tags.md, core/configuration.md
Test Validation Loop
After writing or modifying tests:
- Run tests :
npx playwright test --reporter=list
- If tests fail :
- Review error output and trace (
npx playwright show-trace)
- Fix locators, waits, or assertions
- Re-run tests
- Only proceed when all tests pass
- Run multiple times for critical tests:
npx playwright test --repeat-each=5
Weekly Installs
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Repository
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GitHub Stars
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First Seen
Jan 29, 2026
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