GPUI上下文详解：Rust GUI框架的App、Window、Context、AsyncApp等上下文类型与操作指南

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Overview

GPUI uses different context types for different scenarios:

Context Types:

• App : Global app state, entity creation
• Window : Window-specific operations, painting, layout
• Context<T>: Entity-specific context for component T
• AsyncApp : Async context for foreground tasks
• AsyncWindowContext : Async context with window access

Quick Start

Context - Component Context

impl MyComponent {
    fn update_state(&mut self, cx: &mut Context<Self>) {
        self.value = 42;
        cx.notify(); // Trigger re-render

        // Spawn async task
        cx.spawn(async move |cx| {
            // Async work
        }).detach();

        // Get current entity
        let entity = cx.entity();
    }
}

App - Global Context

fn main() {
    let app = Application::new();
    app.run(|cx: &mut App| {
        // Create entities
        let entity = cx.new(|cx| MyState::default());

        // Open windows
        cx.open_window(WindowOptions::default(), |window, cx| {
            cx.new(|cx| Root::new(view, window, cx))
        });
    });
}

Window - Window Context

impl Render for MyView {
    fn render(&mut self, window: &mut Window, cx: &mut Context<Self>) -> impl IntoElement {
        // Window operations
        let is_focused = window.is_window_focused();
        let bounds = window.bounds();

        div().child("Content")
    }
}

AsyncApp - Async Context

cx.spawn(async move |cx: &mut AsyncApp| {
    let data = fetch_data().await;

    entity.update(cx, |state, inner_cx| {
        state.data = data;
        inner_cx.notify();
    }).ok();
}).detach();

Common Operations

Entity Operations

// Create entity
let entity = cx.new(|cx| MyState::default());

// Update entity
entity.update(cx, |state, cx| {
    state.value = 42;
    cx.notify();
});

// Read entity
let value = entity.read(cx).value;

Notifications and Events

// Trigger re-render
cx.notify();

// Emit event
cx.emit(MyEvent::Updated);

// Observe entity
cx.observe(&entity, |this, observed, cx| {
    // React to changes
}).detach();

// Subscribe to events
cx.subscribe(&entity, |this, source, event, cx| {
    // Handle event
}).detach();

Window Operations

// Window state
let focused = window.is_window_focused();
let bounds = window.bounds();
let scale = window.scale_factor();

// Close window
window.remove_window();

Async Operations

// Spawn foreground task
cx.spawn(async move |cx| {
    // Async work with entity access
}).detach();

// Spawn background task
cx.background_spawn(async move {
    // Heavy computation
}).detach();

Context Hierarchy

App (Global)
  └─ Window (Per-window)
       └─ Context<T> (Per-component)
            └─ AsyncApp (In async tasks)
                 └─ AsyncWindowContext (Async + Window)

Reference Documentation

• API Reference : See api-reference.md
  • Complete context API, methods, conversions
  • Entity operations, window operations
  • Async contexts, best practices

Weekly Installs

151

Repository

longbridge/gpui…omponent

GitHub Stars

10.7K

First Seen

Jan 21, 2026

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