twilio-communications by claudiodearaujo/izacenter
npx skills add https://github.com/claudiodearaujo/izacenter --skill twilio-communications使用 Twilio 发送短信的基本模式。处理基础功能:电话号码格式化、消息传递和传递状态回调。
关键注意事项:
使用场景 : ['向用户发送通知', '交易消息(订单确认、发货)', '警报和提醒']
from twilio.rest import Client
from twilio.base.exceptions import TwilioRestException
import os
import re
class TwilioSMS:
"""
SMS sending with proper error handling and validation.
"""
def __init__(self):
self.client = Client(
os.environ["TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID"],
os.environ["TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN"]
)
self.from_number = os.environ["TWILIO_PHONE_NUMBER"]
def validate_e164(self, phone: str) -> bool:
"""Validate phone number is in E.164 format."""
pattern = r'^\+[1-9]\d{1,14}$'
return bool(re.match(pattern, phone))
def send_sms(
self,
to: str,
body: str,
status_callback: str = None
) -> dict:
"""
Send an SMS message.
Args:
to: Recipient phone number in E.164 format
body: Message text (160 chars = 1 segment)
status_callback: URL for delivery status webhooks
Returns:
Message SID and status
"""
# Validate phone number format
if not self.validate_e164(to):
return {
"success": False,
"error": "Phone number must be in E.164 format (+1234567890)"
}
# Check message length (warn about segmentation)
segment_count = (len(body) + 159) // 160
if segment_count > 1:
print(f"Warning: Message will be sent as {segment_count} segments")
try:
message = self.client.messages.create(
to=to,
from_=self.from_number,
body=body,
status_callback=status_callback
)
return {
"success": True,
"message_sid": message.sid,
"status": message.status,
"segments": segment_count
}
except TwilioRestException as e:
return self._handle_error(e)
def _handle_error(self, error: Twilio
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触达数万 AI 开发者,精准高效
使用 Twilio Verify 进行电话号码验证和双因素认证。处理代码生成、传递、速率限制和欺诈预防。
相较于自行构建 OTP 系统的优势:
谷歌发现短信双因素认证可以阻止“100% 的自动机器人、96% 的大规模网络钓鱼攻击和 76% 的针对性攻击”。
使用场景 : ['注册时验证用户电话号码', '双因素认证(2FA)', '密码重置验证', '高价值交易确认']
from twilio.rest import Client
from twilio.base.exceptions import TwilioRestException
import os
from enum import Enum
from typing import Optional
class VerifyChannel(Enum):
SMS = "sms"
CALL = "call"
EMAIL = "email"
WHATSAPP = "whatsapp"
class TwilioVerify:
"""
Phone verification with Twilio Verify.
Never store OTP codes - Twilio handles it.
"""
def __init__(self, verify_service_sid: str = None):
self.client = Client(
os.environ["TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID"],
os.environ["TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN"]
)
# Create a Verify Service in Twilio Console first
self.service_sid = verify_service_sid or os.environ["TWILIO_VERIFY_SID"]
def send_verification(
self,
to: str,
channel: VerifyChannel = VerifyChannel.SMS,
locale: str = "en"
) -> dict:
"""
Send verification code to phone/email.
Args:
to: Phone number (E.164) or email
channel: SMS, call, email, or whatsapp
locale: Language code for message
Returns:
Verification status
"""
try:
verification = self.client.verify \
.v2 \
.services(self.service_sid) \
.verifications \
.create(
to=to,
channel=channel.value,
locale=locale
)
return {
"success": True,
"status": verification.status, # "pending"
"channel": channel.value,
"valid": verification.valid
}
except TwilioRestException as e:
return self._handle_verify_error(e)
def check_verification(self, to: str, code: str) -> dict:
"""
Check if verification code is correct.
Args:
to: Phone number or email that received code
code: The code entered by user
R
使用 TwiML 构建交互式语音应答(IVR)系统。TwiML(Twilio 标记语言)是一种 XML,用于指示 Twilio 在接到来电时执行什么操作。
核心 TwiML 动词:
关键理解:Twilio 向你的 Webhook 发出 HTTP 请求,你返回 TwiML,Twilio 执行它。无状态,因此请使用 URL 参数或会话。
使用场景 : ['电话菜单系统(按 1 转销售...)', '自动化客户支持', '带确认的预约提醒', '语音邮件系统']
from flask import Flask, request, Response
from twilio.twiml.voice_response import VoiceResponse, Gather
from twilio.request_validator import RequestValidator
import os
app = Flask(__name__)
def validate_twilio_request(f):
"""Decorator to validate requests are from Twilio."""
def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
validator = RequestValidator(os.environ["TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN"])
# Get request details
url = request.url
params = request.form.to_dict()
signature = request.headers.get("X-Twilio-Signature", "")
if not validator.validate(url, params, signature):
return "Invalid request", 403
return f(*args, **kwargs)
wrapper.__name__ = f.__name__
return wrapper
@app.route("/voice/incoming", methods=["POST"])
@validate_twilio_request
def incoming_call():
"""Handle incoming call with IVR menu."""
response = VoiceResponse()
# Gather digits with timeout
gather = Gather(
num_digits=1,
action="/voice/menu-selection",
method="POST",
timeout=5
)
gather.say(
"Welcome to Acme Corp. "
"Press 1 for sales. "
"Press 2 for support. "
"Press 3 to leave a message."
)
response.append(gather)
# If no input, repeat
response.redirect("/voice/incoming")
return Response(str(response), mimetype="text/xml")
@app.route("/voice/menu-selection", methods=["POST"])
@validate_twilio_request
def menu_selection():
"""Route based on menu selection."""
response = VoiceResponse()
digit = request.form.get("Digits", "")
if digit == "1":
# Transfer to sales
response.say("Connecting you to sales.")
response.dial(os.environ["SALES_PHONE"])
elif digit == "2":
# Transfer to support
response.say("Connecting you to support.")
response.dial(os.environ["SUPPORT_PHONE"])
elif digit == "3":
# Voicemail
response.say("Please leave a message after
| 问题 | 严重性 | 解决方案 |
|---|---|---|
| 用户退订 | 高 | ## 在数据库中跟踪退订状态 |
| 暂时性故障 | 中 | ## 为暂时性故障实现重试逻辑 |
| A2P 10DLC 注册 | 高 | ## 注册 A2P 10DLC(美国要求) |
| 请求签名验证 | 关键 | ## 始终验证签名 |
| 会话窗口 | 高 | ## 跟踪每个用户的会话窗口 |
| 凭证硬编码 | 关键 | ## 切勿硬编码凭证 |
| 速率限制 | 中 | ## 同时实现应用层级的速率限制 |
每周安装量
1
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1
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1 天前
安全审计
安装于
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Basic pattern for sending SMS messages with Twilio. Handles the fundamentals: phone number formatting, message delivery, and delivery status callbacks.
Key considerations:
When to use : ['Sending notifications to users', 'Transactional messages (order confirmations, shipping)', 'Alerts and reminders']
from twilio.rest import Client
from twilio.base.exceptions import TwilioRestException
import os
import re
class TwilioSMS:
"""
SMS sending with proper error handling and validation.
"""
def __init__(self):
self.client = Client(
os.environ["TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID"],
os.environ["TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN"]
)
self.from_number = os.environ["TWILIO_PHONE_NUMBER"]
def validate_e164(self, phone: str) -> bool:
"""Validate phone number is in E.164 format."""
pattern = r'^\+[1-9]\d{1,14}$'
return bool(re.match(pattern, phone))
def send_sms(
self,
to: str,
body: str,
status_callback: str = None
) -> dict:
"""
Send an SMS message.
Args:
to: Recipient phone number in E.164 format
body: Message text (160 chars = 1 segment)
status_callback: URL for delivery status webhooks
Returns:
Message SID and status
"""
# Validate phone number format
if not self.validate_e164(to):
return {
"success": False,
"error": "Phone number must be in E.164 format (+1234567890)"
}
# Check message length (warn about segmentation)
segment_count = (len(body) + 159) // 160
if segment_count > 1:
print(f"Warning: Message will be sent as {segment_count} segments")
try:
message = self.client.messages.create(
to=to,
from_=self.from_number,
body=body,
status_callback=status_callback
)
return {
"success": True,
"message_sid": message.sid,
"status": message.status,
"segments": segment_count
}
except TwilioRestException as e:
return self._handle_error(e)
def _handle_error(self, error: Twilio
Use Twilio Verify for phone number verification and 2FA. Handles code generation, delivery, rate limiting, and fraud prevention.
Key benefits over DIY OTP:
Google found SMS 2FA blocks "100% of automated bots, 96% of bulk phishing attacks, and 76% of targeted attacks."
When to use : ['User phone number verification at signup', 'Two-factor authentication (2FA)', 'Password reset verification', 'High-value transaction confirmation']
from twilio.rest import Client
from twilio.base.exceptions import TwilioRestException
import os
from enum import Enum
from typing import Optional
class VerifyChannel(Enum):
SMS = "sms"
CALL = "call"
EMAIL = "email"
WHATSAPP = "whatsapp"
class TwilioVerify:
"""
Phone verification with Twilio Verify.
Never store OTP codes - Twilio handles it.
"""
def __init__(self, verify_service_sid: str = None):
self.client = Client(
os.environ["TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID"],
os.environ["TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN"]
)
# Create a Verify Service in Twilio Console first
self.service_sid = verify_service_sid or os.environ["TWILIO_VERIFY_SID"]
def send_verification(
self,
to: str,
channel: VerifyChannel = VerifyChannel.SMS,
locale: str = "en"
) -> dict:
"""
Send verification code to phone/email.
Args:
to: Phone number (E.164) or email
channel: SMS, call, email, or whatsapp
locale: Language code for message
Returns:
Verification status
"""
try:
verification = self.client.verify \
.v2 \
.services(self.service_sid) \
.verifications \
.create(
to=to,
channel=channel.value,
locale=locale
)
return {
"success": True,
"status": verification.status, # "pending"
"channel": channel.value,
"valid": verification.valid
}
except TwilioRestException as e:
return self._handle_verify_error(e)
def check_verification(self, to: str, code: str) -> dict:
"""
Check if verification code is correct.
Args:
to: Phone number or email that received code
code: The code entered by user
R
Build Interactive Voice Response (IVR) systems using TwiML. TwiML (Twilio Markup Language) is XML that tells Twilio what to do when receiving calls.
Core TwiML verbs:
Key insight: Twilio makes HTTP request to your webhook, you return TwiML, Twilio executes it. Stateless, so use URL params or sessions.
When to use : ['Phone menu systems (press 1 for sales...)', 'Automated customer support', 'Appointment reminders with confirmation', 'Voicemail systems']
from flask import Flask, request, Response
from twilio.twiml.voice_response import VoiceResponse, Gather
from twilio.request_validator import RequestValidator
import os
app = Flask(__name__)
def validate_twilio_request(f):
"""Decorator to validate requests are from Twilio."""
def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
validator = RequestValidator(os.environ["TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN"])
# Get request details
url = request.url
params = request.form.to_dict()
signature = request.headers.get("X-Twilio-Signature", "")
if not validator.validate(url, params, signature):
return "Invalid request", 403
return f(*args, **kwargs)
wrapper.__name__ = f.__name__
return wrapper
@app.route("/voice/incoming", methods=["POST"])
@validate_twilio_request
def incoming_call():
"""Handle incoming call with IVR menu."""
response = VoiceResponse()
# Gather digits with timeout
gather = Gather(
num_digits=1,
action="/voice/menu-selection",
method="POST",
timeout=5
)
gather.say(
"Welcome to Acme Corp. "
"Press 1 for sales. "
"Press 2 for support. "
"Press 3 to leave a message."
)
response.append(gather)
# If no input, repeat
response.redirect("/voice/incoming")
return Response(str(response), mimetype="text/xml")
@app.route("/voice/menu-selection", methods=["POST"])
@validate_twilio_request
def menu_selection():
"""Route based on menu selection."""
response = VoiceResponse()
digit = request.form.get("Digits", "")
if digit == "1":
# Transfer to sales
response.say("Connecting you to sales.")
response.dial(os.environ["SALES_PHONE"])
elif digit == "2":
# Transfer to support
response.say("Connecting you to support.")
response.dial(os.environ["SUPPORT_PHONE"])
elif digit == "3":
# Voicemail
response.say("Please leave a message after
| Issue | Severity | Solution |
|---|---|---|
| Issue | high | ## Track opt-out status in your database |
| Issue | medium | ## Implement retry logic for transient failures |
| Issue | high | ## Register for A2P 10DLC (US requirement) |
| Issue | critical | ## ALWAYS validate the signature |
| Issue | high | ## Track session windows per user |
| Issue | critical | ## Never hardcode credentials |
| Issue | medium | ## Implement application-level rate limiting too |
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