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Solidity智能合约测试指南：Foundry测试框架、模糊测试与覆盖率最佳实践

solidity-testing by 0xlayerghost/solidity-agent-kit

53 周安装量

1 GitHub Stars

GitHub

安装命令

npx skills add https://github.com/0xlayerghost/solidity-agent-kit --skill solidity-testing

区块链智能合约测试

🇨🇳中文介绍

测试标准

语言规则

始终使用用户使用的语言进行回复。 如果用户用中文提问，就用中文回复。如果用英文提问，就用英文回复。

测试组织

每个源合约对应一个测试合约：MyToken.sol → MyToken.t.sol
文件位置：所有测试放在 test/ 目录下
命名规则：通过性测试使用 test_<功能>_<场景>，预期回退的测试使用 testFail_<功能>_<场景>
- 示例：test_transfer_revertsWhenInsufficientBalance
- 示例：test_stake_updatesBalanceCorrectly

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场景	需要验证的内容
正常路径	标准输入 → 预期输出，正确的状态变更
权限检查	未授权调用者 → 使用正确的错误信息进行 `vm.expectRevert`
边界条件	零值、最大值（`type(uint256).max`）、差一错误
失败场景	每个 `require` / `revert` / 自定义错误路径
状态变更	存储更新、余额变更、事件发射（`vm.expectEmit`）
边缘情况	空数组、重复调用、自我转账

Foundry 作弊码快速参考

作弊码	用途
`vm.prank(addr)`	下一次调用来自 `addr`
`vm.startPrank(addr)`	所有调用来自 `addr`，直到 `vm.stopPrank()`
`vm.warp(timestamp)`	设置 `block.timestamp`
`vm.roll(blockNum)`	设置 `block.number`
`vm.deal(addr, amount)`	设置 ETH 余额
`vm.expectRevert(error)`	下一次调用必须回退并抛出特定错误
`vm.expectEmit(true,true,false,true)`	验证事件发射（主题检查）
`vm.record()` / `vm.accesses()`	跟踪存储读写
`makeAddr("name")`	创建带标签的地址，便于跟踪阅读

所有涉及大量数学计算和资金流动的函数都必须进行模糊测试
模式：function testFuzz_<名称>(uint256 amount) public
使用 vm.assume() 约束输入：vm.assume(amount > 0 && amount < MAX_SUPPLY);
默认运行次数：256 —— 对于关键函数，增加到 10,000 次以上：forge test --fuzz-runs 10000

# 运行所有测试
forge test

# 运行特定测试函数
forge test --match-test test_transfer

# 运行特定测试合约
forge test --match-contract MyTokenTest

# 详细输出，包含完整跟踪
forge test -vvvv

# 生成 Gas 报告
forge test --gas-report

# 增加运行次数的模糊测试
forge test --fuzz-runs 10000

# 测试覆盖率
forge coverage

# 生成覆盖率报告
forge coverage --report lcov

🇺🇸English

Testing Standards

Language Rule

Always respond in the same language the user is using. If the user asks in Chinese, respond in Chinese. If in English, respond in English.

Test Organization

One test contract per source contract : MyToken.sol → MyToken.t.sol
File location : All tests in test/ directory
Naming : test_<feature>_<scenario> for passing tests, testFail_<feature>_<scenario> for expected reverts
- Example: test_transfer_revertsWhenInsufficientBalance
- Example: test_stake_updatesBalanceCorrectly
Independence : Each test must run in isolation — use setUp() for shared state, no cross-test dependencies
Filtering : Support --match-test and --match-contract for targeted runs

Coverage Requirements

Every core function must have tests covering:

Scenario	What to verify
Happy path	Standard input → expected output, correct state changes
Permission checks	Unauthorized caller → `vm.expectRevert` with correct error
Boundary conditions	Zero values, max values (`type(uint256).max`), off-by-one
Failure scenarios	Every `require` / `revert` / custom error path
State changes	Storage updates, balance changes, event emissions (`vm.expectEmit`)
Edge cases	Empty arrays, duplicate calls, self-transfers

Foundry Cheatcodes Quick Reference

Cheatcode	Usage
`vm.prank(addr)`	Next call from `addr`
`vm.startPrank(addr)`	All calls from `addr` until `vm.stopPrank()`
`vm.warp(timestamp)`	Set `block.timestamp`
`vm.roll(blockNum)`

Fuzz Testing Rules

All math-heavy and fund-flow functions must have fuzz tests
Pattern: function testFuzz_<name>(uint256 amount) public
Use vm.assume() to constrain inputs: vm.assume(amount > 0 && amount < MAX_SUPPLY);
Default runs: 256 — increase to 10,000+ for critical functions: forge test --fuzz-runs 10000

Common Commands

# Run all tests
forge test

# Run specific test function
forge test --match-test test_transfer

# Run specific test contract
forge test --match-contract MyTokenTest

# Verbose output with full trace
forge test -vvvv

# Gas report
forge test --gas-report

# Fuzz with more runs
forge test --fuzz-runs 10000

# Test coverage
forge coverage

# Coverage with report
forge coverage --report lcov

Weekly Installs

Repository

0xlayerghost/so…gent-kit

GitHub Stars

First Seen

Feb 9, 2026

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