Vitest 测试框架最佳实践指南：断言、模拟与异步测试完整教程

vitest-testing by existential-birds/beagle

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安装命令

npx skills add https://github.com/existential-birds/beagle --skill vitest-testing

TypeScript JavaScript 框架测试

🇨🇳中文介绍

Vitest 最佳实践

快速参考

import { describe, it, expect, beforeEach, vi } from 'vitest'

describe('功能名称', () => {
  beforeEach(() => {
    vi.clearAllMocks()
  })

  it('应该完成特定的操作', () => {
    expect(actual).toBe(expected)
  })

  it.todo('计划中的测试')
  it.skip('临时禁用的测试')
  it.only('开发期间仅运行此项')
})

常用断言

// 相等性
expect(value).toBe(42)                    // 严格相等 (===)
expect(obj).toEqual({ a: 1 })             // 深度相等
expect(obj).toStrictEqual({ a: 1 })       // 严格深度相等 (检查类型)

// 真值性
expect(value).toBeTruthy()
expect(value).toBeFalsy()
expect(value).toBeNull()
expect(value).toBeUndefined()

// 数字
expect(0.1 + 0.2).toBeCloseTo(0.3)
expect(value).toBeGreaterThan(5)

// 字符串/数组
expect(str).toMatch(/pattern/)
expect(str).toContain('子字符串')
expect(array).toContain(item)
expect(array).toHaveLength(3)

// 对象
expect(obj).toHaveProperty('key')
expect(obj).toHaveProperty('nested.key', 'value')
expect(obj).toMatchObject({ subset: 'of properties' })

// 异常
expect(() => fn()).toThrow()
expect(() => fn()).toThrow('错误信息')
expect(() => fn()).toThrow(/pattern/)

异步测试

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方法	用途
`it()` / `test()`	定义测试
`describe()`	分组测试
`beforeEach()` / `afterEach()`	每个测试的钩子
`beforeAll()` / `afterAll()`	每个测试套件的钩子
`.skip`	跳过测试/套件
`.only`	仅运行此项
`.todo`	占位符
`.concurrent`	并行执行
`.each([...])`	参数化测试

🇺🇸English

Vitest Best Practices

Quick Reference

import { describe, it, expect, beforeEach, vi } from 'vitest'

describe('feature name', () => {
  beforeEach(() => {
    vi.clearAllMocks()
  })

  it('should do something specific', () => {
    expect(actual).toBe(expected)
  })

  it.todo('planned test')
  it.skip('temporarily disabled')
  it.only('run only this during dev')
})

Common Assertions

// Equality
expect(value).toBe(42)                    // Strict (===)
expect(obj).toEqual({ a: 1 })             // Deep equality
expect(obj).toStrictEqual({ a: 1 })       // Strict deep (checks types)

// Truthiness
expect(value).toBeTruthy()
expect(value).toBeFalsy()
expect(value).toBeNull()
expect(value).toBeUndefined()

// Numbers
expect(0.1 + 0.2).toBeCloseTo(0.3)
expect(value).toBeGreaterThan(5)

// Strings/Arrays
expect(str).toMatch(/pattern/)
expect(str).toContain('substring')
expect(array).toContain(item)
expect(array).toHaveLength(3)

// Objects
expect(obj).toHaveProperty('key')
expect(obj).toHaveProperty('nested.key', 'value')
expect(obj).toMatchObject({ subset: 'of properties' })

// Exceptions
expect(() => fn()).toThrow()
expect(() => fn()).toThrow('error message')
expect(() => fn()).toThrow(/pattern/)

Async Testing

// Async/await (preferred)
it('fetches data', async () => {
  const data = await fetchData()
  expect(data).toEqual({ id: 1 })
})

// Promise matchers - ALWAYS await these
await expect(fetchData()).resolves.toEqual({ id: 1 })
await expect(fetchData()).rejects.toThrow('Error')

// Wrong - creates false positive
expect(promise).resolves.toBe(value)  // Missing await!

Quick Mock Reference

const mockFn = vi.fn()
mockFn.mockReturnValue(42)
mockFn.mockResolvedValue({ data: 'value' })

expect(mockFn).toHaveBeenCalled()
expect(mockFn).toHaveBeenCalledWith('arg1', 'arg2')
expect(mockFn).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2)

Additional Documentation

Mocking : See references/mocking.md for module mocking, spying, cleanup
Configuration : See references/config.md for vitest.config, setup files, coverage
Patterns : See references/patterns.md for timers, snapshots, anti-patterns

Test Methods Quick Reference

Method	Purpose
`it()` / `test()`	Define test
`describe()`	Group tests
`beforeEach()` / `afterEach()`	Per-test hooks
`beforeAll()` / `afterAll()`	Per-suite hooks
`.skip`

Weekly Installs

234

Repository

existential-birds/beagle

GitHub Stars

First Seen

Jan 20, 2026

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