Prisma 数据库配置指南：PostgreSQL、MySQL、SQLite 等数据库连接与驱动适配器设置

prisma-database-setup by prisma/skills

3,100 周安装量

26 GitHub Stars

GitHub

安装命令

npx skills add https://github.com/prisma/skills --skill prisma-database-setup

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🇨🇳中文介绍

Prisma 数据库配置

配置 Prisma ORM 与各种数据库提供商的综合指南。

适用场景

在以下情况下参考此技能：

初始化新的 Prisma 项目
切换数据库提供商
配置连接字符串和环境变量
排查数据库连接问题
设置数据库特定功能
生成并实例化 Prisma Client

按优先级排序的规则类别

优先级	类别	影响	前缀
1	提供商指南	关键	provider names
2	Prisma Postgres	高	`prisma-postgres`
3	客户端设置	关键	`prisma-client-setup`

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系统要求 (Prisma ORM 7)

Node.js 20.19.0+
TypeScript 5.4.0+

如果您使用 Bun，请使用 bunx --bun prisma ... 运行 Prisma CLI 命令，这样 Prisma 会使用 Bun 运行时，而不会回退到 Node.js。

数据库	提供商字符串	备注
PostgreSQL	`postgresql`	默认，完全功能支持
MySQL	`mysql`	广泛支持，JSON 功能略有差异
SQLite	`sqlite`	基于本地文件，不支持枚举/标量列表
MongoDB	`mongodb`	v7 版本不支持 (请使用 v6)
SQL Server	`sqlserver`	微软生态系统
CockroachDB	`cockroachdb`	分布式 SQL，兼容 Postgres
Prisma Postgres	`postgresql`	托管的无服务器数据库

Prisma v7 使用两个主要文件进行配置：

prisma/schema.prisma : 定义 datasource 块。
prisma.config.ts : 配置连接 URL (替代了 schema 中的环境变量加载)。

驱动适配器 (Prisma ORM 7)

Prisma ORM 7 默认使用查询编译器，这需要一个驱动适配器。为您的数据库选择适配器和驱动程序，并将适配器传递给 PrismaClient。

数据库	适配器	JS 驱动程序
PostgreSQL	`@prisma/adapter-pg`	`pg`
CockroachDB	`@prisma/adapter-pg`	`pg`
Prisma Postgres	`@prisma/adapter-ppg`	`@prisma/ppg`
MySQL / MariaDB	`@prisma/adapter-mariadb`	`mariadb`
SQLite	`@prisma/adapter-better-sqlite3`	`better-sqlite3`
SQLite (Turso/LibSQL)	`@prisma/adapter-libsql`	`@libsql/client`
SQL Server	`@prisma/adapter-mssql`	`node-mssql`

示例 (PostgreSQL):

import 'dotenv/config'
import { PrismaClient } from '../generated/client'
import { PrismaPg } from '@prisma/adapter-pg'

const adapter = new PrismaPg({ connectionString: process.env.DATABASE_URL })
const prisma = new PrismaClient({ adapter })

Prisma Client 设置 (必需)

任何数据库都必须安装并生成 Prisma Client。

安装 Prisma CLI 和 Prisma Client:

npm install prisma --save-dev
npm install @prisma/client

添加生成器块 (Prisma v7 中 output 是必需的):

generator client {
  provider = "prisma-client"
  output   = "../generated"
}

生成 Prisma Client:
```
npx prisma generate
```

使用数据库特定的驱动适配器实例化 Prisma Client:

import { PrismaClient } from '../generated/client'
import { PrismaPg } from '@prisma/adapter-pg'

const adapter = new PrismaPg({ connectionString: process.env.DATABASE_URL })
const prisma = new PrismaClient({ adapter })

每次更改 schema 后重新运行 prisma generate。

datasource db {
  provider = "postgresql"
}

generator client {
  provider = "prisma-client"
  output   = "../generated"
}

datasource db {
  provider = "mysql"
}

generator client {
  provider = "prisma-client"
  output   = "../generated"
}

datasource db {
  provider = "sqlite"
}

generator client {
  provider = "prisma-client"
  output   = "../generated"
}

MongoDB (仅限 Prisma v6)

datasource db {
  provider = "mongodb"
  url      = env("DATABASE_URL")
}

generator client {
  provider = "prisma-client-js"
}

查看各个规则文件以获取详细的设置说明:

references/postgresql.md
references/mysql.md
references/sqlite.md
references/mongodb.md
references/sqlserver.md
references/cockroachdb.md
references/prisma-postgres.md
references/prisma-client-setup.md

为您的数据库选择提供商参考文件，然后应用 references/prisma-client-setup.md 来完成客户端生成和适配器设置。

🇺🇸English

Prisma Database Setup

Comprehensive guides for configuring Prisma ORM with various database providers.

When to Apply

Reference this skill when:

Initializing a new Prisma project
Switching database providers
Configuring connection strings and environment variables
Troubleshooting database connection issues
Setting up database-specific features
Generating and instantiating Prisma Client

Rule Categories by Priority

Priority	Category	Impact	Prefix
1	Provider Guides	CRITICAL	provider names
2	Prisma Postgres	HIGH	`prisma-postgres`
3	Client Setup	CRITICAL	`prisma-client-setup`

System Prerequisites (Prisma ORM 7)

Node.js 20.19.0+
TypeScript 5.4.0+

Bun Runtime

If you're using Bun, run Prisma CLI commands with bunx --bun prisma ... so Prisma uses the Bun runtime instead of falling back to Node.js.

Supported Databases

Database	Provider String	Notes
PostgreSQL	`postgresql`	Default, full feature support
MySQL	`mysql`	Widespread support, some JSON diffs
SQLite	`sqlite`	Local file-based, no enum/scalar lists
MongoDB	`mongodb`	NOT SUPPORTED IN v7 (Use v6)
SQL Server	`sqlserver`

Configuration Files

Prisma v7 uses two main files for configuration:

prisma/schema.prisma : Defines the datasource block.
prisma.config.ts : Configures the connection URL (replaces env loading in schema).

Driver Adapters (Prisma ORM 7)

Prisma ORM 7 uses the query compiler by default, which requires a driver adapter. Choose the adapter and driver for your database and pass the adapter to PrismaClient.

Database	Adapter	JS Driver
PostgreSQL	`@prisma/adapter-pg`	`pg`
CockroachDB	`@prisma/adapter-pg`	`pg`
Prisma Postgres	`@prisma/adapter-ppg`	`@prisma/ppg`
MySQL / MariaDB	`@prisma/adapter-mariadb`

Example (PostgreSQL):

import 'dotenv/config'
import { PrismaClient } from '../generated/client'
import { PrismaPg } from '@prisma/adapter-pg'

const adapter = new PrismaPg({ connectionString: process.env.DATABASE_URL })
const prisma = new PrismaClient({ adapter })

Prisma Client Setup (Required)

Prisma Client must be installed and generated for any database.

Install Prisma CLI and Prisma Client:

npm install prisma --save-dev
npm install @prisma/client

Add a generator block (output is required in Prisma v7):

generator client {
  provider = "prisma-client"
  output   = "../generated"
}

Generate Prisma Client:
```
npx prisma generate
```

Instantiate Prisma Client with the database-specific driver adapter:

import { PrismaClient } from '../generated/client'
import { PrismaPg } from '@prisma/adapter-pg'

const adapter = new PrismaPg({ connectionString: process.env.DATABASE_URL })
const prisma = new PrismaClient({ adapter })

Re-run prisma generate after every schema change.

Quick Reference

PostgreSQL

datasource db {
  provider = "postgresql"
}

generator client {
  provider = "prisma-client"
  output   = "../generated"
}

MySQL

datasource db {
  provider = "mysql"
}

generator client {
  provider = "prisma-client"
  output   = "../generated"
}

SQLite

datasource db {
  provider = "sqlite"
}

generator client {
  provider = "prisma-client"
  output   = "../generated"
}

MongoDB (Prisma v6 only)

datasource db {
  provider = "mongodb"
  url      = env("DATABASE_URL")
}

generator client {
  provider = "prisma-client-js"
}

Rule Files

See individual rule files for detailed setup instructions:

references/postgresql.md
references/mysql.md
references/sqlite.md
references/mongodb.md
references/sqlserver.md
references/cockroachdb.md
references/prisma-postgres.md
references/prisma-client-setup.md

How to Use

Choose the provider reference file for your database, then apply references/prisma-client-setup.md to complete client generation and adapter setup.

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Prisma 数据库配置指南：PostgreSQL、MySQL、SQLite 等数据库连接与驱动适配器设置

🇨🇳中文介绍

Prisma 数据库配置

适用场景

按优先级排序的规则类别

相关 Skills

系统要求 (Prisma ORM 7)

Bun 运行时

支持的数据库

配置文件

驱动适配器 (Prisma ORM 7)

Prisma Client 设置 (必需)

快速参考

PostgreSQL

MySQL

SQLite

MongoDB (仅限 Prisma v6)

规则文件

使用方法

🇺🇸English

Prisma Database Setup

When to Apply

Rule Categories by Priority

System Prerequisites (Prisma ORM 7)

Bun Runtime

Supported Databases

Configuration Files

Driver Adapters (Prisma ORM 7)

Prisma Client Setup (Required)

Quick Reference

PostgreSQL

MySQL

SQLite

MongoDB (Prisma v6 only)

Rule Files

How to Use

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