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Ruby 3.3 & Rails 7.2 开发专家 | 精通 YJIT、Hotwire、RSpec、ActiveRecord 和 Sidekiq

moai-lang-ruby by modu-ai/moai-adk

55 周安装量

907 GitHub Stars

GitHub

安装命令

npx skills add https://github.com/modu-ai/moai-adk --skill moai-lang-ruby

开发 Web应用 Ruby on Rails

🇨🇳中文介绍

快速参考（30 秒）

Ruby 3.3+ 开发专家 - 精通 Rails 7.2、ActiveRecord、Hotwire/Turbo、RSpec 以及现代 Ruby 模式。

自动触发：包含 .rb 扩展名的文件、Gemfile、Rakefile、config.ru、Rails 或 Ruby 相关讨论

核心能力：

Ruby 3.3 特性：生产就绪的 YJIT、模式匹配、Data 类、无结束方法
Web 框架：包含 Turbo、Stimulus 和 ActiveRecord 的 Rails 7.2
前端：包含 Turbo 和 Stimulus 的 Hotwire，用于实现类 SPA 体验
测试：包含工厂、请求规范和系统规范的 RSpec
后台作业：结合 ActiveJob 的 Sidekiq
包管理：结合 Gemfile 的 Bundler
代码质量：包含 Rails 规则的 RuboCop
数据库：包含迁移、关联和作用域的 ActiveRecord

快速模式

Rails 控制器模式：

创建继承自 ApplicationController 的 UsersController。添加 before_action 用于 set_user，仅在 show、edit、update 和 destroy 动作中调用。定义 index 方法，将 User.all 赋值给实例变量。定义 create 方法，使用 user_params 创建新 User。使用 respond_to 块，其中 format.html 在成功时重定向或在失败时渲染 new 并返回 unprocessable_entity 状态，format.turbo_stream 用于 Turbo 响应。添加私有方法 set_user，通过 params id 查找用户。添加 user_params 方法，要求 user 参数并允许 name 和 email。

ActiveRecord 模型模式：

创建继承自 ApplicationRecord 的 User 模型。定义 has_many :posts 并设置 dependent: :destroy，定义 has_one :profile 并设置 dependent: :destroy。添加对 email 的验证，要求存在性、唯一性，并使用 URI::MailTo::EMAIL_REGEXP 验证格式。添加对 name 的验证，要求存在性且长度在 2 到 100 之间。定义 active 作用域，筛选 active 为 true 的记录。定义 recent 作用域，按 created_at 降序排序。创建 full_name 方法，返回 first_name 和 last_name 用空格连接并去除首尾空格的结果。

RSpec 测试模式：

为 User 模型类型创建 RSpec.describe。在 describe validations 块中，添加对 email 的 validate_presence_of 和 validate_uniqueness_of 的期望。在 describe full_name 块中，使用 let 构建一个 first_name 为 John、last_name 为 Doe 的用户。添加 it 块，期望 user.full_name 等于 "John Doe"。

实现指南（5 分钟）

Ruby 3.3 新特性

YJIT 生产就绪：

YJIT 在 Ruby 3.3 中默认启用，可为 Rails 应用程序带来 15% 到 20% 的性能提升。通过使用 yjit 标志运行 ruby 或将 RUBY_YJIT_ENABLE 环境变量设置为 1 来启用。通过调用 RubyVM::YJIT.enabled? 方法检查状态。

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Hotwire Turbo 和 Stimulus

Turbo Frames 模式：

在 index 视图中，使用 turbo_frame_tag 并指定 id 为 posts，迭代 posts 并渲染每个。在 post 局部视图中，使用 turbo_frame_tag 并指定 dom_id(post)，其中包含带有 h2 链接和截断内容段落的 article。

Turbo Streams 模式：

在控制器的 create 动作中，从 current_user.posts 构建 post。使用 respond_to，其中 format.turbo_stream 和 format.html 根据保存成功与否进行重定向或渲染。在 create.turbo_stream.erb 视图中，使用 turbo_stream.prepend 将 post 添加到 posts，并使用 turbo_stream.update 更新 new_post 表单局部视图。

Stimulus 控制器模式：

在 JavaScript 控制器文件中，从 hotwired/stimulus 导入 Controller。导出默认类，该类继承自 Controller，并定义静态 targets 数组包含 input 和 submit。定义 connect 方法调用 validate。定义 validate 方法检查所有 input 目标是否有值，并相应地设置 submit 目标的禁用状态。

Factory Bot 模式：

在 factories 文件中，为 user 定义工厂，使用序列生成 email，使用 Faker::Name.name 生成 name，使用 "password123" 作为 password。添加 admin 特征，将 role 设置为 :admin 符号。添加 with_posts 特征，包含一个默认值为 3 的临时变量 posts_count，在 after(:create) 回调中使用 create_list 为用户创建帖子。

高级实现（10 分钟以上）

涵盖全面内容，包括：

Docker 和 Kubernetes 的生产部署模式
高级 ActiveRecord 模式，包括多态关联、单表继承和查询对象
Action Cable 实时功能
性能优化技术
安全最佳实践
CI/CD 集成模式
完整的 RSpec 测试模式

modules/advanced-patterns.md 了解生产模式和高级功能
modules/testing-patterns.md 获取完整的 RSpec 测试指南

rails/rails 对应 Ruby on Rails Web 框架
rspec/rspec 对应 RSpec 测试框架
hotwired/turbo-rails 对应 Rails 版 Turbo
hotwired/stimulus-rails 对应 Rails 版 Stimulus
sidekiq/sidekiq 对应后台作业处理
rubocop/rubocop 对应 Ruby 风格指南执行
thoughtbot/factory_bot 对应测试数据工厂

moai-domain-backend 用于 REST API 和 Web 应用程序架构
moai-domain-database 用于 SQL 模式和 ActiveRecord 优化
moai-workflow-testing 用于 DDD 和测试策略
moai-essentials-debug 用于 AI 驱动的调试
moai-foundation-quality 用于 TRUST 5 质量原则

Ruby 版本检查：

运行 ruby 并带上版本标志，确保是 3.3 或更高版本。通过运行 ruby -e 并加上 puts RubyVM::YJIT.enabled? 命令来检查 YJIT 状态。

Rails 版本检查：

运行 rails 并带上版本标志，确保是 7.2 或更高版本。运行 bundle exec rails about 获取完整的环境信息。

数据库连接问题：

检查 config/database.yml 配置
确保 PostgreSQL 或 MySQL 服务正在运行
如果数据库不存在，运行 rails db:create

资源管道问题：

运行 rails assets:precompile 编译资源。运行 rails assets:clobber 清除已编译的资源。

RSpec 设置问题：

运行 rails generate rspec:install 进行初始设置。运行 bundle exec rspec 并指定文件路径以运行单个规范。运行 bundle exec rspec 并带上 format documentation 标志以获得详细输出。

Turbo 和 Stimulus 问题：

运行 rails javascript:install:esbuild 进行 JavaScript 设置。运行 rails turbo:install 安装 Turbo。

最后更新：2026-01-11 状态：活跃 (v1.1.0)

2026 年 1 月 22 日

🇺🇸English

Quick Reference (30 seconds)

Ruby 3.3+ Development Specialist - Rails 7.2, ActiveRecord, Hotwire/Turbo, RSpec, and modern Ruby patterns.

Auto-Triggers: Files with .rb extension, Gemfile, Rakefile, config.ru, Rails or Ruby discussions

Core Capabilities:

Ruby 3.3 Features: YJIT production-ready, pattern matching, Data class, endless methods
Web Framework: Rails 7.2 with Turbo, Stimulus, and ActiveRecord
Frontend: Hotwire including Turbo and Stimulus for SPA-like experiences
Testing: RSpec with factories, request specs, and system specs
Background Jobs: Sidekiq with ActiveJob
Package Management: Bundler with Gemfile
Code Quality: RuboCop with Rails cops
Database: ActiveRecord with migrations, associations, and scopes

Quick Patterns

Rails Controller Pattern:

Create UsersController inheriting from ApplicationController. Add before_action for set_user calling only on show, edit, update, and destroy actions. Define index method assigning User.all to instance variable. Define create method creating new User with user_params. Use respond_to block with format.html redirecting on success or rendering new with unprocessable_entity status, and format.turbo_stream for Turbo responses. Add private set_user method finding by params id. Add user_params method requiring user and permitting name and email.

ActiveRecord Model Pattern:

Create User model inheriting from ApplicationRecord. Define has_many for posts with dependent destroy and has_one for profile with dependent destroy. Add validates for email with presence, uniqueness, and format using URI::MailTo::EMAIL_REGEXP. Add validates for name with presence and length minimum 2 maximum 100. Define active scope filtering where active is true. Define recent scope ordering by created_at descending. Create full_name method returning first_name and last_name joined with space and stripped.

RSpec Test Pattern:

Create RSpec.describe for User model type. In describe validations block, add expectations for validate_presence_of and validate_uniqueness_of for email. In describe full_name block, use let to build user with first_name John and last_name Doe. Add it block expecting user.full_name to eq John Doe.

Implementation Guide (5 minutes)

Ruby 3.3 New Features

YJIT Production-Ready:

YJIT is enabled by default in Ruby 3.3 providing 15 to 20 percent performance improvement for Rails applications. Enable by running ruby with yjit flag or setting RUBY_YJIT_ENABLE environment variable to 1. Check status by calling RubyVM::YJIT.enabled? method.

Pattern Matching with case/in:

Create process_response method taking response parameter. Use case with response and in for pattern matching. Match status ok with data extracting data variable and puts success message. Match status error with message extracting msg variable. Match status with guard condition checking pending or processing. Use else for unknown response.

Data Class for Immutable Structs:

Create User using Data.define with name and email symbols. Add block defining greeting method returning hello message with name. Create user instance with keyword arguments. Access name property and call greeting method.

Endless Method Definition:

Create Calculator class with add, multiply, and positive? methods using equals sign syntax for single expression methods.

Rails 7.2 Patterns

Application Setup in Gemfile:

Set source to rubygems.org. Add rails version constraint for 7.2, pg for 1.5, puma for 6.0 or later, turbo-rails, stimulus-rails, and sidekiq for 7.0. In development and test group add rspec-rails for 7.0, factory_bot_rails, faker, and rubocop-rails with require false. In test group add capybara and shoulda-matchers.

Model with Concerns:

Create Sluggable module extending ActiveSupport::Concern. In included block add before_validation for generate_slug on create and validates for slug with presence and uniqueness. Define to_param returning slug. Add private generate_slug method setting slug from parameterized title if title present and slug blank. Create Post model including Sluggable with belongs_to user, has_many comments with dependent destroy, has_many_attached images. Add validations and published scope.

Service Objects Pattern:

Create UserRegistrationService with initialize accepting user_params. Define call method creating User, using ActiveRecord::Base.transaction to save user, create profile, and send welcome email. Return Result with success true and user. Rescue RecordInvalid returning Result with success false and errors. Add private methods for create_profile and send_welcome_email. Define Result as Data.define with success, user, and errors, adding success? and failure? predicate methods.

Hotwire Turbo and Stimulus

Turbo Frames Pattern:

In index view, use turbo_frame_tag with posts id and iterate posts rendering each. In post partial, use turbo_frame_tag with dom_id for post, containing article with h2 link and truncated content paragraph.

Turbo Streams Pattern:

In controller create action, build post from current_user.posts. Use respond_to with format.turbo_stream and format.html for redirect or render based on save success. In create.turbo_stream.erb view, use turbo_stream.prepend for posts with post, and turbo_stream.update for new_post form partial.

Stimulus Controller Pattern:

In JavaScript controller file, import Controller from hotwired/stimulus. Export default class extending Controller with static targets array for input and submit. Define connect method calling validate. Define validate method checking all input targets have values and setting submit target disabled accordingly.

RSpec Testing Basics

Factory Bot Patterns:

In factories file, define factory for user with sequence for email, Faker::Name.name for name, and password123 for password. Add admin trait setting role to admin symbol. Add with_posts trait with transient posts_count defaulting to 3, using after create callback to create_list posts for user.

Advanced Implementation (10+ minutes)

For comprehensive coverage including:

Production deployment patterns for Docker and Kubernetes
Advanced ActiveRecord patterns including polymorphic, STI, and query objects
Action Cable real-time features
Performance optimization techniques
Security best practices
CI/CD integration patterns
Complete RSpec testing patterns

See:

modules/advanced-patterns.md for production patterns and advanced features
modules/testing-patterns.md for complete RSpec testing guide

Context7 Library Mappings

rails/rails for Ruby on Rails web framework
rspec/rspec for RSpec testing framework
hotwired/turbo-rails for Turbo for Rails
hotwired/stimulus-rails for Stimulus for Rails
sidekiq/sidekiq for background job processing
rubocop/rubocop for Ruby style guide enforcement
thoughtbot/factory_bot for test data factories

Works Well With

moai-domain-backend for REST API and web application architecture
moai-domain-database for SQL patterns and ActiveRecord optimization
moai-workflow-testing for DDD and testing strategies
moai-essentials-debug for AI-powered debugging
moai-foundation-quality for TRUST 5 quality principles

Troubleshooting

Common Issues:

Ruby Version Check:

Run ruby with version flag for 3.3 or later. Check YJIT status by running ruby -e with puts RubyVM::YJIT.enabled? command.

Rails Version Check:

Run rails with version flag for 7.2 or later. Run bundle exec rails about for full environment information.

Database Connection Issues:

Check config/database.yml configuration
Ensure PostgreSQL or MySQL service is running
Run rails db:create if database does not exist

Asset Pipeline Issues:

Run rails assets:precompile to compile assets. Run rails assets:clobber to clear compiled assets.

RSpec Setup Issues:

Run rails generate rspec:install for initial setup. Run bundle exec rspec with specific file path for single spec. Run bundle exec rspec with format documentation for verbose output.

Turbo and Stimulus Issues:

Run rails javascript:install:esbuild for JavaScript setup. Run rails turbo:install for Turbo installation.

Last Updated: 2026-01-11 Status: Active (v1.1.0)

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Repository

modu-ai/moai-adk

GitHub Stars

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