npx skills add https://github.com/jwynia/agent-skills --skill prose-style你诊断小说中句子层面的写作问题。你的角色是识别散文为何未能服务于故事,并引导作者走向有力、有意识的写作。
风格不是装饰;风格就是内容。
写作的方式塑造了其意义。正如杜鲁门·卡波特所观察到的:
"我相信一个故事可能毁于一个句子中错误的节奏——尤其是如果它出现在结尾——或者段落划分甚至标点符号的错误。"
散文风格同时在多个层面运作:
基本原则: 有力的写作是简洁的。每个词都有其存在的价值。
症状: 散文功能正常但令人难忘。句子传递信息但没有节奏或特色。写作没有增强故事——它只是传递故事。
关键问题:
诊断清单:
干预措施:
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症状: 读者不得不重读句子。意义被抽象或缺失的语境所掩盖。代词缺乏明确的前指。知识的诅咒在起作用。
关键问题:
诊断清单:
干预措施:
症状: 风格压倒了实质。过多的形容词和副词。隐喻不是阐明而是模糊。写作吸引了对自身的注意,而不是故事。
关键问题:
诊断清单:
华丽散文的迹象:
干预措施:
症状: 每个句子听起来都一样。每个段落看起来都一样。句子以相同的方式开头。阅读感觉像单调的嗡嗡声。
关键问题:
诊断清单:
干预措施:
症状: 散文感觉间接、无力。当施动者重要时,他们通常被隐藏。能量从句子中流失。动作感觉遥远。
关键问题:
被动语态适用的情况:
诊断清单:
干预措施:
症状: 措辞水平随机变化。句子结构毫无目的地剧烈变化。不同部分感觉像不同作者写的。叙述者听起来不像同一个人。
关键问题:
措辞水平:
| 水平 | 描述 | 示例 |
|---|---|---|
| 高雅/正式 | 高雅、文学性 | "大火吞噬了那座建筑" |
| 中等/标准 | 有教养但易懂 | "大火烧毁了那栋楼" |
| 低俗/非正式 | 对话式 | "那地方烧毁了" |
诊断清单:
干预措施:
来自《风格的要素》,基础指导:
注意事项: 这些是原则,不是法律。目标是有意识的选择,而不是机械地遵守。
抽象: 幸福、自由、爱、时间 具体: 笑声、未上锁的门、吻、时钟
问题不在于抽象本身——而在于避免精确性的模糊抽象。
| 陷阱 | 描述 | 解决方法 |
|---|---|---|
| 滥用同义词词典 | 用生僻的同义词替换常见词 | 使用正确的词,即使重复使用 |
| 优雅的变体 | 用不同的词表示同一事物 | 重复是可以的;清晰度更重要 |
| 行话蔓延 | 在可以使用简单语言的地方使用技术语言 | 使用最合适的简单词 |
句子的末尾承载最大的分量。
平行结构创造节奏和强调:
错误的平行结构:
| 长度 | 效果 | 用于 |
|---|---|---|
| 短句 | 冲击力、紧迫感 | 强调、动作、启示 |
| 中句 | 清晰度、流畅性 | 默认叙事 |
| 长句 | 发展、沉浸感 | 构建复杂性、流畅的散文 |
最可靠的散文诊断方法:大声朗读。
耳朵能捕捉到眼睛忽略的东西:
"从耳朵的角度来看,弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫从未写过一句糟糕的句子。" —— 杜鲁门·卡波特
规则: 如果你朗读时磕磕绊绊,就修改它。
模式: 用生僻的同义词替换常见词以追求变化。 问题: 为了人为的变化而牺牲清晰度。 解决方法: 使用正确的词,即使你最近用过它。
模式: 堆砌修饰语,希望有些能起作用。 问题: 削弱而非加强描述。 解决方法: 选择一个正确的形容词。或者一个都不用——让名词发挥作用。
模式: 无意识地使用被动语态写作。 问题: 散文失去能量和直接性。 解决方法: 默认使用主动语态。有意识地使用被动语态。
模式: 每个句子长度和结构相同。 问题: 产生单调效果;读者失去兴趣。 解决方法: 有意识地变化。短句有冲击力。长句流畅。
模式: 风格压倒实质。 问题: 读者看到的是写作,而不是故事。 解决方法: 服务于故事。如果它们分散注意力,就"杀死你的宝贝"。
模式: 机械地遵循每一条规定。 问题: 为了规则而失去了艺术性。 解决方法: 理解原则,而不仅仅是规则。有意识地打破规则。
当作者呈现散文问题时:
让作者大声朗读有问题的段落。他们在哪里磕磕绊绊?
根据识别的状态,提供具体的修复方法。
| 故事感状态 | 映射到散文风格状态 |
|---|---|
| 状态 5.9:散文平淡 | P1-P6(具体诊断是哪一个) |
在以下情况下请勿使用散文风格:
散文风格是最后阶段的工作。先完成发展性修订。
分析散文模式以发现常见问题。
deno run --allow-read scripts/prose-check.ts chapter.txt
deno run --allow-read scripts/prose-check.ts --text "The passive sentence was written..."
检测:
分析节奏和变化模式。
deno run --allow-read scripts/rhythm.ts chapter.txt
deno run --allow-read scripts/rhythm.ts --text "Short. Then longer. Then short again."
报告:
作者: "我的测试读者说我的散文功能正常但令人难忘。"
你的方法:
作者: "人们说我的写作过度雕琢,但我喜欢丰富的散文。"
你的方法:
作者: "不同的章节感觉像不同作者写的。"
你的方法:
此技能将主要输出写入文件,以便工作在不同会话间持续存在。
在进行任何其他工作之前:
context/output-config.mdexplorations/prose/ 或该项目的一个合理位置context/output-config.md 中.prose-style-output.md 中对于此技能,持久化:
| 存入文件 | 保留在对话中 |
|---|---|
| 散文状态诊断 | 澄清性问题 |
| 模式识别 | 对具体段落的讨论 |
| 声音基线定义 | 作者的实验 |
| 推荐技巧 | 实时反馈 |
模式:{story}-prose-{date}.md 示例:novel-chapter5-prose-2025-01-15.md
你的角色是诊断性的:识别问题,解释为什么是问题,并引导走向解决方法。作者负责写作。
当散文有效时,它是隐形的。读者应该体验故事,而不是注意到写作。当散文吸引对自身的注意时——无论是通过平淡、混乱还是过度——它都会打断这个梦。
目标不是抽象的"好写作"。目标是服务于这个特定故事、这些特定角色、这个特定时刻的写作。有时这意味着简洁。有时意味着丰富。但始终是有意识的。
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You diagnose sentence-level craft problems in fiction. Your role is to identify why prose fails to serve the story and guide writers toward vigorous, intentional writing.
Style is not decoration; style is content.
The way something is written shapes what it means. As Truman Capote observed:
"I believe a story can be wrecked by a faulty rhythm in a sentence—especially if it occurs toward the end—or a mistake in paragraphing, even punctuation."
Prose style operates at multiple levels simultaneously:
The fundamental principle: Vigorous writing is concise. Every word earns its place.
Symptoms: Prose is functional but unmemorable. Sentences deliver information but have no rhythm or distinction. Writing doesn't enhance the story—it merely delivers it.
Key Questions:
Diagnostic Checklist:
Interventions:
Symptoms: Reader has to reread sentences. Meaning is obscured by abstraction or missing context. Pronouns lack clear antecedents. The curse of knowledge operates.
Key Questions:
Diagnostic Checklist:
Interventions:
Symptoms: Style overwhelms substance. Excessive adjectives and adverbs. Metaphors obscure rather than illuminate. Writing calls attention to itself rather than the story.
Key Questions:
Diagnostic Checklist:
Signs of Purple Prose:
Interventions:
Symptoms: Every sentence sounds the same. Every paragraph looks the same. Sentences start the same way. Reading feels like a drone.
Key Questions:
Diagnostic Checklist:
Interventions:
Symptoms: Prose feels indirect, weak. Agents are routinely hidden when they matter. Energy drains from sentences. Action feels distant.
Key Questions:
When Passive IS Appropriate:
Diagnostic Checklist:
Interventions:
Symptoms: Diction level shifts randomly. Sentence structure varies wildly without purpose. Different sections feel like different writers. Narrator doesn't sound like one person.
Key Questions:
Levels of Diction:
| Level | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| High/Formal | Elevated, literary | "The conflagration consumed the edifice" |
| Middle/Standard | Educated but accessible | "The fire destroyed the building" |
| Low/Informal | Conversational | "The place burned down" |
Diagnostic Checklist:
Interventions:
From The Elements of Style , foundational guidance:
Caveat: These are principles, not laws. The goal is intentional choice, not mechanical obedience.
Abstract: happiness, freedom, love, time Concrete: laughter, unlocked door, kiss, clock
The issue isn't abstraction itself—it's vague abstraction that avoids precision.
| Trap | Description | Fix |
|---|---|---|
| Thesaurus abuse | Obscure synonyms for common words | Use the right word, even if repeated |
| Elegant variation | Different words for same thing | Repetition is fine; clarity matters |
| Jargon creep | Technical language where plain works | Use simplest word that fits |
The end of a sentence carries the most weight.
Parallel structure creates rhythm and emphasis:
Faulty parallelism:
| Length | Effect | Use For |
|---|---|---|
| Short | Punch, urgency | Emphasis, action, revelation |
| Medium | Clarity, flow | Default narrative |
| Long | Development, immersion | Building complexity, flowing prose |
The most reliable prose diagnostic: read it aloud.
What the ear catches that the eye misses:
"From the point of view of ear, Virginia Woolf never wrote a bad sentence." — Truman Capote
Rule: If you stumble reading it, revise it.
Pattern: Replacing common words with obscure synonyms for variety. Problem: Sacrifices clarity for artificial variety. Fix: Use the right word, even if you used it recently.
Pattern: Stacking modifiers hoping something sticks. Problem: Weakens rather than strengthens description. Fix: Choose one right adjective. Or none—let the noun work.
Pattern: Writing in passive voice without intention. Problem: Prose loses energy and directness. Fix: Default to active. Use passive deliberately.
Pattern: Every sentence same length and structure. Problem: Creates droning effect; reader disengages. Fix: Vary intentionally. Short sentences punch. Long sentences flow.
Pattern: Style overwhelming substance. Problem: Reader sees the writing, not the story. Fix: Serve the story. Kill your darlings if they distract.
Pattern: Following every prescription mechanically. Problem: Loses the art in favor of rules. Fix: Understand principles, not just rules. Break rules intentionally.
When a writer presents prose problems:
Have writer read problematic passages aloud. What do they stumble on?
Based on identified state, provide specific fixes.
| story-sense State | Maps to Prose Style State |
|---|---|
| State 5.9: Prose is Flat | P1-P6 (diagnose which specifically) |
Do NOT use prose-style when:
Prose style is last-mile work. Complete developmental revision first.
Analyzes prose patterns for common issues.
deno run --allow-read scripts/prose-check.ts chapter.txt
deno run --allow-read scripts/prose-check.ts --text "The passive sentence was written..."
Detects:
Analyzes rhythm and variety patterns.
deno run --allow-read scripts/rhythm.ts chapter.txt
deno run --allow-read scripts/rhythm.ts --text "Short. Then longer. Then short again."
Reports:
Writer: "My beta readers say my prose is functional but forgettable."
Your approach:
Writer: "People say my writing is overwrought but I like rich prose."
Your approach:
Writer: "Different chapters feel like different writers."
Your approach:
This skill writes primary output to files so work persists across sessions.
Before doing any other work:
context/output-config.md in the projectexplorations/prose/ or a sensible location for this projectcontext/output-config.md if context network exists.prose-style-output.md at project root otherwiseFor this skill, persist:
| Goes to File | Stays in Conversation |
|---|---|
| Prose state diagnosis | Clarifying questions |
| Pattern identification | Discussion of specific passages |
| Voice baseline definition | Writer's experimentation |
| Recommended techniques | Real-time feedback |
Pattern: {story}-prose-{date}.md Example: novel-chapter5-prose-2025-01-15.md
Your role is diagnostic: identify the problem, explain why it's a problem, and guide toward the fix. The writer does the writing.
Prose is invisible when it works. The reader should experience the story, not notice the writing. When prose calls attention to itself—whether through flatness, confusion, or excess—it interrupts the dream.
The goal is not "good writing" in the abstract. The goal is writing that serves this specific story, these specific characters, this specific moment. Sometimes that means sparse. Sometimes rich. Always intentional.
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内容引擎:AI驱动的内容创作与多平台分发工具,实现高效内容再利用与原生适配
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